皮肤老化从 25 岁开始，起初这一过程未被注意到。同时，皮肤逐渐失去弹性，结构发生变化，变得松弛，毛孔粗大，出现皱纹。 Sooner or later there comes a time when the changes become visible and then it becomes difficult to deal with them with the usual cosmetic products.而且色素沉着障碍和皮肤变薄根本无法用保守方法纠正。
幸运的是，现代技术并没有让我们独自面对褪色的问题。要恢复皮肤的青春，仅仅消除现有的缺陷和衰老迹象是不够的；它必须受到刺激并启动细胞更新过程。只有这样，才能达到不仅是视觉效果，更是真正的面部年轻化。在美容领域使用了10多年的点阵激光面部嫩肤术可以解决这些问题。
This technology is based on the fractional photothermolysis method: exposure to a laser beam of a certain length, divided into several light streams (fractions) for more efficient operation.如今，分段换肤被认为是手术整容的真正替代方案。
点阵激光面部年轻化的作用机制。
随着时间的推移，所有身体过程都会减慢，甚至在细胞水平上也是如此。 This is what causes skin aging: cells are no longer processed as quickly, new ones do not grow as actively, and as a result, skin renewal occurs more and more ineffectively and practically stops.研究表明，激光照射细胞有助于恢复皮肤的自然再生潜力。
Under the influence of a ray of light and the thermal shock that it produces on the skin, an intensive cleansing of the tissues of already dead cells and those whose ability to continue growing and developing has been lost takes place. At the same time, young and healthy cells only benefit from this effect: they actively multiply, replacing used cells and restoring the renewal mechanism of "spoiled" skin.
几乎所有美容激光对面部皮肤都有这种效果。 Fraxel 的不同之处在于，它使用最有效的激光束尺寸，直径小于 200 微米：正是这种精细的激光对用年轻、健康的组织替代旧组织贡献最大。
点阵年轻化的第二个特点是，效果不是用单一光束产生的，而是用大量微射线产生的，光流被分成多个微射线，产生光栅效果。因此，照射不会准时或连续脉冲发生。它是按照一定的矩阵来定位的。
皮肤被分成小区域，每个区域的中心都有经过强大热冲击的组织，周围有不受激光束影响的健康细胞。这种治疗的结果是活跃的皮肤再生：受损细胞的角质脱落和年轻皮肤的生长。
点阵返老还童的类型。
点阵光热解以两种根本不同的形式存在：烧蚀型和非烧蚀型。这些激光治疗方法在许多特点上彼此不同：激光穿透深度、治疗强度、皮肤刺激机制和最终效果。
烧蚀技术涉及通过蒸发对表皮细胞产生表面影响。另一方面，非剥脱性年轻化不会影响皮肤的上层，而是深入渗透到皮肤的深处，即表皮下层所在的位置和真皮的起始位置。在这种情况下，被照射的细胞不会蒸发，而是形成凝固组织柱。
In both cases, laser treatment is performed in limited areas, around which areas with the so-called cellular programming zones are preserved, healthy cells that have a great potential for regeneration, which is triggered by thermal shock. A short increase in temperature in the tissues causes the activation of all metabolic processes in them, including the growth of elastin and collagen fibers, which are responsible for the elasticity and youth of the skin.
烧蚀飞梭效果迅速，最适合消除最初的衰老迹象：浅表皱纹、轻微的松弛。 As a result of ablation, microareas of the skin surface evaporate, which during regeneration are covered with new skin with the participation of cells from the surrounding areas.通过这种方式，面部皮肤作为一个整体被提升（收紧），以及皱纹和缺陷的破坏。
要解决一个有明显褪色迹象的人的问题，这样的表面效果是不够的。 Aging skin needs to be “treated” from the inside, in the deep layers where the cells responsible for renewing the dermal structure are located.非剥脱性点阵年轻化保证了这一结果。
当然，没有人禁止将这两种方法结合起来。 Then the effect will be even more surprising: the skin will receive a double boost of rejuvenation, both from the inside and from the outside, so after one procedure a visible improvement in the condition of the face will be noted, and the active renewal of the tissue will keep the face "in shape" for a long time.
Fractional laser rejuvenation procedure.
与任何其他激光手术一样，飞梭只能由合格的专家进行。事实上，所使用的设备是指医用激光设备，使用该设备需要接受医疗培训、接受培训并获得适当的经验。
如果落入坏人之手，激光可能会因并发症和不可预测的后果而变得危险。此外，该手术还有相当多的禁忌症。通过识别使用激光手术的障碍，应该开始进行点阵年轻化的准备过程。
禁忌症
我们列出了不允许使用激光手术的病症和疾病：
- 现在和过去体内是否存在肿瘤形成；
- 治疗部位的皮肤病：皮炎、皮肤病、湿疹、牛皮癣、白癜风；
- 皮肤受损（擦伤、划伤）；
- 有光过敏史；
- 形成疤痕疙瘩的倾向；
- 内分泌、心血管和血液系统的慢性疾病；
- 急性病毒和细菌感染；
- 免疫力弱；
- 急性或慢性疱疹急性期；
- 服用基于类维生素A的药物（治疗结束后，如果服用药片，则应至少经过六个月才能进行手术；如果使用外用药物，则应至少经过两周）；
- pregnancy, lactation;
- 癫痫和其他精神和神经问题；
- 最近晒黑
在研究了病史和当前的健康状况后，美容师决定进行该手术的可能性。在某些情况下，有必要暂时推迟，例如在感冒或月经期间。一般来说，点阵激光换肤是一种相当安全的手术，如果操作正确，不会出现任何并发症。
程序进展
分段光热作用被认为是一种无痛手术。然而，这并不能100%说出来。大多数患者在激光换肤期间，尤其是激光换肤后仍然会感到不适。
因此，通常使用局部麻醉来开始激光治疗。将麻醉剂涂在脸上以降低皮肤的整体敏感性。在接触豆类期间，灼烧感和刺痛感是可以接受的。
面部护理持续 20 至 40 分钟（疗程的持续时间取决于治疗区域的大小），完成后，会在皮肤上涂抹特殊的防护霜，并向患者提供恢复期间面部皮肤护理的建议。
手术后皮肤再生。
人们相信，点阵回春术不需要恢复期，也不会扰乱正常的生活节奏。事实上，这并不完全正确。为了避免陷入不舒服的情况，最好不要冒险，也不要尝试将激光手术与工作或即将到来的假期结合起来。建议至少休息一周，因为现在必须遵循休息方案，而您的外表不太可能让您过上积极的生活。脸部会红肿几天，几天后开始脱皮，7-10天后才能谈正常的外观。
使用烧蚀飞梭进行治疗可能会特别令人不快：使用它，面部状况可能类似于烧伤。手术后的其他后果包括：
- 色素沉着过度或不足；
- 疤痕和疤痕的出现，如果之前没有发现有疤痕的倾向；
- 微伤口感染的引入。
这些副作用不太可能发生，并且在所有点阵回春病例中所占比例不到 3%。 If the procedure itself is performed correctly, without disturbing the preparation and rehabilitation process, the probability of complications is reduced to zero.
点阵激光术后，不宜进行日光浴、使皮肤受到摩擦、使用刺激性化妆品、过热或过冷。
点阵激光面部皮肤年轻化的结果。
与点阵嫩肤不同，点阵激光换肤是一种微创手术。它不会“灼伤”皮肤层，因此一次疗程后的效果不太可能令人惊讶。通常，分段回春是分疗程进行的，从 3 到 6 个疗程，然后可以评估结果：
- 收紧和收紧皮肤；
- 强化椭圆脸；
- 抚平皱纹；
- 去除老年斑；
- 软化痤疮后；
- 均匀肤色。
恢复活力的效果可持续一年到10年，然后您可以重复该过程。
Fractional laser rejuvenation also combines well with other procedures: resurfacing, injection techniques, during the recovery period after plastic surgery. Laser irradiation does not have a destructive effect on previously introduced fillers, but experts believe that it is better to first carry out a full course of Fraxel, and then start correcting the remaining deficiencies.
As for patient opinions, they are mixed.除了对该程序的积极建议外，也经常发现消极的言论。 So, many women express the following complaints:
- 恢复期比美容师承诺的要长得多。 As a rule, we are not talking about 4-7 days, as beauty salon workers say, but 10-14 days.
- More than half of the patients indicate insufficient efficacy. Many people find that fractional rejuvenation leaves their face swollen, making them look older than before the procedure.还值得注意的是，该手术抚平皱纹的能力被大大夸大了，其主要目标是消除色素沉着和痤疮痕迹。
- The undoubted disadvantage of fractional laser resurfacing is its cost.
Comments on the procedure.
Here are some reviews about fractional laser facial skin rejuvenation:
评论 #1
My husband and I gave my mother-in-law a fractional rejuvenation certificate for our anniversary. She is a young, active woman and she went with great pleasure.很明显，有一个结果：脸部清爽、紧致，各种瑕疵消失，眼睛周围的皱纹明显抚平。 He only did it once, but he wants to return to consolidate the result and asked for the same gift for the next vacation.
评论#2
I didn't like fractional rejuvenation. First of all, I felt pain.其次，手术后我被迫近两周不能出门。 My face had increased in size several times, it was all red and even wet, as if it were oozing ichor.结果为零。我的主要问题是脸颊上的痤疮。 So everything remained as it was, it was worth all the suffering, and also for my own money.
评论 #3
我的钱只够进行一次飞梭手术。还是有点贵而且不愉快。但6天后我看到了结果，非常棒！法令纹消失了，所有的老年斑都消失了，这正是让我看起来比实际年龄老很多的原因。现在我对一切都很满意，我想如果有必要的话我会决定再次参加课程。
价格
至于点阵激光换肤手术的费用，根据工作量和干预程度的不同，其费用差异很大。付款通常针对个别区域、整个面部、包括颈部和肩部的面部进行设置。价格可能因城市而异。
Most cosmetologists consider this procedure a worthy alternative to plastic surgery, but it makes sense to perform it without waiting for significant changes in the skin, when removing them is already difficult and expensive. If you start to carry out fractional rejuvenation from the age of 35-40, this will allow you to postpone the need to use more radical methods for a long time.